One of the strategies that is on the rise is using your self-directed IRA or 401(k) to grow your portfolio with paper investments.
What is paper? Paper is an IOU, a promise being made from the person who needs the money to you, the person who is lending the money, with the terms of how they will pay you back. If an investor lends money secured by an asset, the IOU will also have a security document like a mortgage on a piece of real estate. If the borrower defaults, then the security instrument, the mortgage, gives the investor the right to take back the property. Paper can include houses, cars, boats, planes, businesses—you name it. I have even seen cemetery paper! Paper can be secured by assets like the ones I just mentioned, or unsecured as in a loan with no collateral at all.
Private mortgages are bought at a discount off of the face rate of the loan. Here is an example.
Sally sells her home to Sue and takes back a second mortgage for $10,000. Sally will receive $132.15 for 10 years at 10% interest. Should Sue not make her payments, Sally could foreclose and take the property back. Sally would rather have a lump sum than take payments, however she needed to sell her home and this was one way to do it quickly. Along comes Mary who offers to buy Sally’s seller financed note. However, in order for it to make financial sense to Mary, she cannot pay $10,000. She offers to buy the payments for $7,000 cash today. This is a 30% discount. Mary gets the right to receive the payments, Sally gets cash, of course not all of it but she feels it was worth the discount. Sue makes her payments to Mary instead of Sally.
I have simplified this process to illustrate how seller financing, or buying notes at a discount, works. If you would like more recommended reading on this subject, please email me.
Back in the mid to late 80s seller financing was very popular. However, when interest rates came down, more people were able to qualify for commercial loans, so seller financing dried up. Today, seller financing has made a comeback. One must be very careful when using personal or IRA funds to purchase a seller financed loan at a discount in today’s market. This investment is not for everyone.
Private lending to others is also on the rise. Most people look at private lending as lending money to family or friends who need the money to say, buy a car. However, there is a large potential opportunity for private lenders who want to participate in an investment by lending money that is used to acquire an asset. Or the investor is lending money to someone to start a business. There are as many ways and reasons why investors make loans to others. Many investors lend money out of their IRA or (k) plan to others to get a higher return on their money than they could get with conservative investments such as a money market account or CD.
Of course, when you self-direct your IRA or Individual (k) you, the IRA owner does the work—you identify the investment, you do the research, you instruct your administrator to make the purchase on behalf of the IRA or (k), and you get the profits or income back into your retirement plan tax-deferred or in the case of a ROTH, tax-free! It’s no wonder that others are utilizing OPI (other people’s IRAs) to help them accomplish their dreams.
Many investors prefer to use paper as their investment of choice instead of real estate. In the paper business, investors evaluate which is better: 1% in a savings account or investing in paper at rates that will be higher then 1% (of course the return will be greater than 1%–I am using this for illustrative purposes only)
They also ask themselves “which is better for me; greater than 1% tax deferred or 1 % that you pay tax on?” If you came up with 1% tax-deferred, than using your IRA or (k) plan is right for you!
Investing in paper whether through lending or purchasing notes can make sense to an investor who understands what he/she is getting into, does the required due diligence necessary to protect themselves and their retirement accounts before making the investment, and sees the value of alternative investing.
If you are interested in learning more about how to invest in notes or private lending with your IRA or 401(k) log onto www.theentrustgroup.com to locate an office near you!